Typhus

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Typhus Classification and external resources
Rash caused by Epidemic typhus.
ICD-10	A 75.
ICD-9	080-083
DiseasesDB	29240
MedlinePlus	001363
eMedicine	med/2332
MeSH	D014438

For other uses, see Typhus (disambiguation).

Typhus is any of several similar diseases caused by Rickettsiae^[1] The name comes from the Greek typhos, meaning smoky or hazy, describing the state of mind of those affected with typhus. The causative organism Rickettsia is an obligate parasite and cannot survive for long outside living cells. Typhus should not be confused with Typhoid Fever which is a completely different disease.

Multiple diseases include the word "typhus" in their description. Types include:

Condition	Bacterium	Arthropod	Notes
Epidemic typhus	Rickettsia prowazekii	lice on humans	When the term "typhus" is used without qualification, this is usually the condition meant. Also, historical references to "typhus" are now generally considered to be this condition.
murine typhus or "endemic typhus"	Rickettsia typhi	fleas on rats	-
scrub typhus	Orientia tsutsugamushi	harvest mites on humans or rodents	Unlike the two conditions above, though it has the word "typhus" in the name, it is currently usually not classified in the typhus group, but in the closely related spotted fever group.^[2]

References

^ Typhus at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
^ Cotran, Ramzi S.; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Nelso Fausto; Robbins, Stanley L.; Abbas, Abul K. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Saunders, 396. ISBN 0-7216-0187-1.

Infectious diseases · Bacterial diseases: G- (primarily A00-A79, 001-041,080-109)

Spirochaete

Treponema: Syphilis (Bejel) · Yaws · Pinta

Borrelia: Relapsing fever · Lyme disease (Erythema chronicum migrans, Neuroborreliosis)

other/multiple/unknown: Noma · Trench mouth · Rat-bite fever (Sodoku) · Leptospirosis

Tenericutes

Mycoplasma pneumonia · Ureaplasma infection

Chlamydiae

Chlamydophila (Psittacosis) · Chlamydia (Chlamydia, Lymphogranuloma venereum, Trachoma)

Proteobacteria

Rickettsiales

Rhizobiales

Brucellaceae	Brucellosis

Bartonellaceae	Bartonellosis: Bartonella henselae (Cat scratch fever) · Bartonella quintana (Trench fever) · either henselae or quintana (Bacillary angiomatosis)

Neisseriales	M+ Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Meningococcal disease · Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome M- Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococcus): Gonorrhea · Moraxella catarrhalis

Burkholderiales	Burkholderia (Glanders, Melioidosis) · Bordetella (Pertussis)

Enterobacteriales	Lac+: Klebsiella (Rhinoscleroma, Donovanosis) · Escherichia coli/O157:H7 · Enterobacter Lac-: Salmonella (Typhoid fever, Paratyphoid fever, Salmonellosis) · Yersinia pestis (Plague/Bubonic plague) · Shigella (Shigellosis) · Proteus Serratia (Serratia infection)

Pasteurellales	Pasteurella (Pasteurellosis) · Haemophilus (Brazilian purpuric fever, Chancroid) · Actinobacillus (Actinobacillosis)

Legionellales	Legionella (Legionellosis) · Coxiella (Q fever)

Other	Thiotrichales/Francisella (Tularemia) · Vibrionales/Vibrio (Cholera) · Pseudomonadales/Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas infection)

Campylobacterales

Campylobacteriosis · Helicobacter

Primarily rods except Neisseriaceae and Spirochaete. Primarily OX+ except Enterobacteriaceae. Primarily extracellular except Rickettsiales/Chlamydia/Treponema (obligate) and Brucella/Listeria/Legionella (facultative). Primarily cell wall-possessing except Mycoplasmataceae. Primarily aerobic or facultative anaerobic except Bacteroides.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhus"

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