Wikipedia:IPA for Hindi and Urdu

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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Hindi and Urdu pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

See Hindi-Urdu phonology for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Hindustani.

Consonants
IPA Hindi Urdu English equivalent
b ب abash
ڀ abhor
c, cʰ (sometimes seen for [tʃ, tʃʰ])
d د ado (closer to French d)
ڌ adhere
ɖ ڊ guard
ɖʱ ڍ guardhouse
ج hedge
dʒʱ جھ hedgehog
f फ़ ف food
ɡ گ agate
ɡʱ گھ pigheaded
h ح head (final only)
ɦ ahead
j ي yak
ɟ, ɟʱ (sometimes seen for [dʒ, dʒʱ])
k ڪ scan
ک can
l ل leaf
m م much
n ن not
ɳ ڻ burner
(Sanskrit; often [n])
ŋ ڱ bank
p پ span
ڦ pan
q क़ ق a k in the throat
(Urdu; often [k] in Hindi)
r ر trilled r
ɽ ड, ड़ ڙ US: larder
ɽʱ ढ, ढ़ ڙھ as [ɽ] plus h
s س sue
ʂ worship
(Sanskrit; often [s])
ʃ ش shoe
t ت stable (closer to French t)
ٿ table
ʈ ٽ art
ʈʰ ٺ art-historian
چ catch
tʃʰ ڇ choose
ʋ و between w and v
x ख़ خ Bach
(Urdu; often [kʰ] in Hindi)
ɣ ग़ غ like a French r
(Urdu; often [ɡ] in Hindi)
z ज़ ز zen
Vowels
IPA Hindi Urdu English equivalent
आ, पा آ, با Spanish or French a to English bra
ए, पे ے between yell and Yale
ɛː ऐ, पै yell
ə अ, प بَ nut
ई, पी ی deal
ɪ इ, पि بِ dill
ओ, पो و old
ɔː औ, पौ law
ऊ, पू loot
ʊ उ, पु بُ look
 ̃ nasal vowel
([ãː], [õː], etc.)


Suprasegmentals
IPA
ˈ stress
(placed before stressed syllable)
ː doubled consonant

Notes

Questions for article:

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